Appendix 5: An Overview of the Forgiveness of Believers
Introduction
In the New Testament there are a number of key passages which are important to the subject of sin and forgiveness for the child of God.
Acts 24:16 This is the reason I do my best to always have a clear conscience toward God and toward people.
1 Corinthians 4:3-4 So for me, it is a minor matter that I am judged by you or by any human court. In fact, I do not even judge myself. 4 For I am not aware of anything against myself, but I am not acquitted because of this. The one who judges me is the Lord.
1 Corinthians 11:28-29 A person should examine himself first, and in this way let him eat the bread and drink of the cup. 29 For the one who eats and drinks without careful regard for the body eats and drinks judgment against himself.
Hebrews 4:12 For the word of God is living and active and sharper than any double-edged sword, piercing even to the point of dividing soul from spirit, and joints from marrow; it is able to judge the desires and thoughts of the heart.
1 John 1:5-2:2 Now this is the gospel message we have heard from him and announce to you: God is light, and in him there is no darkness at all. 6 If we say we have fellowship with him and yet keep on walking in the darkness, we are lying and not practicing the truth. 7 But if we walk in the light as he himself is in the light, we have fellowship with one another and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin. 8 If we say we do not bear the guilt of sin, we are deceiving ourselves and the truth is not in us. 9 But if we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous, forgiving us our sins and cleansing us from all unrighteousness. 10 If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar and his word is not in us. 2:1 (My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin.) But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous One, 2 and he himself is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for our sins but also for the whole world.
1 John 3:19-22 And by this we will know that we are of the truth and will convince our conscience in his presence, 20 that if our conscience condemns us, that God is greater than our conscience and knows all things. 21 Dear friends, if our conscience does not condemn us, we have confidence in the presence of God, 22 and whatever we ask we receive from him, because we keep his commandments and do the things that are pleasing to him.
The Old Testament is not silent on this subject and adds to our understanding of forgiveness for the believer. Some key passages are Genesis 3 and the responses of Adam and Eve who tried to cover their sin by blame and their own solution of fig leaves. In addition to those below, compare also Psalm 32:1-7 and 51:1-13.
Psalm 66:18 If I had harbored sin in my heart,
the sovereign Master would not have listened.
Psalm 139:23-24 Examine me, and probe my thoughts!
Test me, and know my concerns!
24 See if there is any idolatrous tendency in me,
and lead me in the reliable ancient path!
Proverbs 20:27 The human spirit is like the lamp of the Lord,
searching all the innermost parts.
Proverbs 28:13 The one who covers his transgressions will not prosper,
but whoever confesses and abandons them will find mercy.
Jeremiah 17:9-10 The human mind is more deceitful than anything else.
It is incurably bad. Who can understand it?
10 I, the Lord, probe into people’s minds.
I examine people’s hearts.
And I deal with each person according to how he has behaved.
I give them what they deserve based on what they have done.
There are three needs involved in forgiveness:
- Examination (1 Cor. 11:28)
- Self-judgment (1 Cor. 11:31)
- Confession (1 John 1:9)
The above passages from the Old and New Testaments amplify and clarify this whole element of forgiveness and our responsibility regarding personal sin. From these passages, a number of important principles emerge.
The Problems We Face
- Inherent sinfulness with a bent for foolishness or the disease of self-management (Prov. 4:23; Jer. 17:5; 1 John 1:8; cf. Isa. 2:6-8 with 1:3-4).
- The delusions and temptations of Satan to temp us to sin. We should be aware that the key goal of Satan, regardless of the sin or the temptation, is to get us to act independently of God.
- Defilement as we walk in an evil world using human solutions (John 13:1f; 1 John 1:9).
- This defilement and the use of human strategies form a barrier to fellowship, growth, and honest change from the inside out (Isa. 2:6; 30:1-2; 50:10-11; with 59:1-2).
Unconfessed known sin in the life constitutes negative volition to the leading and control of the Holy Spirit (cf. Jam. 4:17; Rom. 14:23). It grieves His person (Eph. 4:30), quenches His power (1 Thess. 5:19), causes God to ignore our prayer requests (Ps. 66:18), and cuts us off from experiencing much of the blessing and power of God (Prov. 28:13).
Our bent for self-management and control, and our failure to recognized this and deal with it, not only creates a barrier to fellowship with God but it creates a barrier to real inward change. We devise methods by which we can appear and act religious on the outside (cf. Isa. 29:13) while we seek to manage our own lives by handling our fears, insecurities, and frustrations with our own strategies (our man-made firebrands) rather than with God’s resources (cf. Isa. 50:10-11; Jer. 2:13).
The Needs We Have
Examination
We each need not a morbid preoccupation with self, but a daily inside look at our lives, our patterns of behavior, our strategies for living, and our feelings, fears, and attitudes (cf. Ps. 139:23-24; Prov. 20:27; 1 Cor. 11:28f).
Honesty
An inside look is useless without honesty with God and with self. Duplicity or deceit by way of self-justification or just plain denial through which we seek to cover up our attitudes and behavior is the enemy of spiritual growth and fellowship with God (cf. Ps. 32:2b; 51:6; 15:1-2; Prov. 24:12; 21:2; Luke 16:15).
Confession
Honest examination is needed for the purpose of confession in the form of genuine repentance—specific acknowledgment of all known sins with a commitment to change by God’s grace through faith.
But what is confession? “It is saying the same thing about sin as God does. It is having the same perspective on that sin as God does. This must include more than simply rehearsing the sin, for God’s perspective would also include forsaking that sin. Therefore to confess includes an attitude of forsaking that sin.”246
Vital to self-judgment and confession is the need for a commitment to allow God to change us from the inside out or at the core of our lives through faith, not in our own strategies or even for our own purposes, i.e., to make life work so we can be happy, but by faith in His resources, the Word, the control of the Spirit, prayer, and even the trials of life (James 1:2-4).
Also crucial to biblical change through confession and dependence on the Spirit of God is a biblical view of sin. We particularly need to understand that the root of sin in all its various shades and colors is the sin of self-management. Self-management is the culprit that sprouts up like a weed and produces the other categories of sin with which we deal. Here is an issue that is often either not understood or ignored because the hardest thing for all of us to do is to relinquish control.
We tend to confess the surface sins, the obvious, but we fail to see them for what they really are, the fruit of a deeper problem of sin that we typically want to disregard, indeed, one that we want to overlook, one that is at the heart of man’s sinfulness—the desire to run our own lives, to live independently through our human strategies for life.
Categories of Sin
(1) Sins of Commission—doing what we should not.
(2) Sins of Omission—failing to do what we should.
Or
(1) Overt Sin—murder, fornication, theft, manipulating others, and sins of the tongue such as lying, criticism, murmuring, nagging, foul language, gossip.
(2) Mental Attitude Sins—resentment, anxiety, hatred, fear, pride, sinful desires like coveting.
(3) Root Sins—Self-management sins, failing of the grace of God, human substitutes (religionism, secularism, materialism, human strategies for handling life, defense and escape mechanisms, etc.).
Therefore, in light of the effects of sin and self-controlling strategies on our fellowship with the Lord and our capacity to change, we need to:
(1) Examine our lives regularly in the light of God’s Word through study and meditating on the Word.
(2) Confess, acknowledge specific sins, as they are revealed to us by the tools God uses (the Spirit, the Word, failures, people, trials).
(3) Trust God’s promise to forgive us when we confess sin and know that our sins are forgiven.
(4) Draw upon our resources in Christ to enable us to deal with our sinful nature and those areas of foolishness that produced the sin, draw near to God, to make Him our refuge and source of life.
The Purpose We Need to Embrace
Personal examination followed by confession of sin is designed to stop sinful behavior, but it really only does so when it draws us to God in such a way that it increases our dependence on Him and His solutions for life and our sin. Confession is never to excuse sin until next time, nor is self-examination to make us aware of ourselves for a better identity. It is to move us toward God and change our character. This is the point of 1 John 1:8-2:2; Ps. 119:59; 139:23-24; Proverbs 20:27; 28:13 and Jeremiah 17:1f.
Proverbs 28:13 says, “The one who covers his transgressions will not prosper, but whoever confesses and abandons them will find mercy.” The word “transgression” certainly includes any sinful pattern, and “conceals” includes the tactics people use to ignore, justify, or deny sin. One excuse we often hear and we are all perhaps prone to use is: “That’s just the way I am.” The implication is that the weakness, etc., is someone else’s fault and we can’t change because this problem is a part of our makeup. But God says we can change because He has provided for us in Christ.
Note how the broad and sweeping statement, “forgive me of all my sin,” can be a means of ignoring or concealing specific sin in our lives. Such a prayer may be a means of accepting some sin as part of our lifestyle. When we fail to identify our sins first by examination and then by honest, sincere confession, we conceal them.
The person who conceals his sin, our verse tells us, “will not prosper.” The Hebrew text means that he habitually cannot prosper. So long as he continues to ignore or make excuses for his sin, he will not find the peace of God, nor real happiness, and certainly not spiritual success. The Hebrew word for “prosper” is tsaleach. In the Old testament it is used of the person who finds prosperity through the work of God in and on his behalf because he has sought the Lord and followed Him (Josh. 1:8; Ps. 1:3; 2 Chron. 26:5, 31:21). On the other hand, when we hide or ignore our sin, we cut ourselves off from God’s purpose, blessing, and strength. This means we forfeit deliverance, peace, rest, and spiritual prosperity, the abundant life, regardless of our external religious behavior (cf. Ps. 50:16-23; 66:18; Prov. 28:9).
The second half of Proverbs 28:13 (quoted above) gives us a special promise if two things are done.
The Conditions
We must confess our sin. As explained above, this means we must honestly acknowledge all known sin, admit to ourselves and to God that what we have done and are doing (the sinful pattern for instance) is wrong, sinful, and hinders our fellowship with God.
The sinful pattern is also to be forsaken, and, according to the analogy of Scripture, this means replaced with godly alternatives (cf. Eph. 4:24-32). In the Hebrew text, “abandons” is a participle of continuous action which would include the process of learning how to overcome and leave the sinful pattern behind. It takes time and growth to be able to deal with some of our deep-seated patterns, but we must be committed to the process and the pain involved.
The Promise
God promises such a person will find compassion. The words “find compassion” in the Hebrew mean “to love deeply, have mercy, be compassionate.” It connotes a special love, mercy, or compassion for the helpless, for those who, because of their special problem or weakness, need the uplifting love and aid of another. This has in view our natural helplessness and sinful condition which causes us to stumble and sin, even when, as Paul stresses in Romans 7:15, we do not want to sin. So this promise of compassion means not only forgiveness, but the blessing of divine love and provision: the supply and power of God to overcome and to change.
We must see, therefore, that the purpose of confession is change, deliverance from sin, and this requires being specific about the sin in our lives. Dealing with known sin and discovering these self-protective strategies, etc., is critical to our spiritual health, to real change, and our daily well being. It removes guilt, gives peace, is a means to restoration to fellowship with God, the filling of the Holy Spirit, effective prayer (Ps. 66:18), spiritual illumination, and a loving and ministering relationship with others.
246 Ryrie, Basic Theology, pp. 302f.
Related Topics: Basics for Christians, Fellowship, Forgiveness
Appendix 6: Key Verses on the “Daily” Emphasis of Scripture
Verses Using “Daily”
Psalm 68:19. God is committed to our care, deliverance, and direction (1 Pet. 5:6-7). He is our burden bearer, but our need is to learn to take our burdens to the Lord daily (Pr. 8:34) in humble submission to His sovereign purposes.
Proverbs 8:34. Blessing is promised to those who listen, but the listening that leads to blessing is a daily matter of waiting on the Lord as our Master and Provider.
Matthew 6:11. It shows our need of God’s sustenance is daily as is also our need of prayer for God’s supply.
Luke 9:23. Following the Lord is a daily responsibility which involves the subordination of my desires and will to His. For this to take place effectively, we need daily time with Him, waiting at His throne.
Acts 17:11. This verse gives God’s estimate of those who daily examine the Word, and shows the mindset or attitude that is needed for effective time with God: eagerness to see what He has said in His Word. Compare the following verses—2 Cor 8:11-12; 2 Cor. 8:19; 2 Cor. 9:2. Daily is stressed in Acts 17:11 of the Jews in Berea who, under the influence and preparation of the Holy Spirit and the preaching of Paul and Silas, were ready and eager to daily dig into the Scriptures. “Readiness” refers to the idea of enthusiasm and devoted zeal which is the result of some kind of preparation which produces the readiness or willingness and this in turn promotes what we do.
1 Corinthians 15:31. Compare the context of vs. 32 and our motives. Could there be a connection between time alone with the Lord daily and dying daily to selfish motives and self-dependent living, etc.?
Verses Using “Today”
Psalm 95:7-9. Do you see any connection with verses 7 and following and verses 1-6? Is there a connection between God as our Shepherd, hearing His voice, and the hardening of the heart? Is verse 9 the result of a hardened heart? How do we test God?
Hebrews 3:7, 13, 15 and Hebrews 4:7. What is the context in which the author of Hebrews quotes the Old Testament passage?
James 4:13. What are the implications of this verse to one’s daily time with the Lord? We all make daily decisions for which we need God’s guidance and submission to His will. If I am not daily taking time to get alone with the Lord for fellowship so I can also take the issues of my life to Him, then I may become guilty of presuming on the Lord and seeking to run my own life independently of Him. Compare verses 14-17.
Verses Using “In the Morning”
Psalm 5:3. This verse expresses David’s resolve, based on his understanding of his own insufficiency, to spend time with God to fortify his mind, heart, and will.
Psalm 55:17. This verse shows time with God is not just a morning affair (1 Thess. 5:17). It shows that David was resolved to take his burdens to the Lord. We should feel free to express our feelings to God rather than repress or suppress our emotions. He is a father kind of God who knows our frame, that we are dust, and cares for us a father does his children. We should always feel free to express our pain to the Lord. We see this pattern often in the Psalms, but when it comes to expressing our feelings to people, the principles and purposes of Scripture should control the way our feelings are expressed. We should express them in a timely manner, in love, and with a view to the edification of those involved (Pro. 15:23; 25:11-13; Eph. 4:29).
Psalm 143:8. Note the categories or aspects involved in our daily time with the Lord—worship in praise, thanksgiving and acknowledgment of God’s grace and faithfulness, prayer for illumination, study of the Word, prayer for help.
Psalm 88:13; Psalm 92:2; Psalm 119:62
Isaiah 50:4. “The sovereign Lord has given me the capacity to be his spokesman, so that I know how to help the weary. He wakes me up every morning; he makes me alert so I can listen attentively as disciples do.” The NIV reads, “an instructed tongue, to know the word that sustains the weary,” and the KJV has “the tongue of the learned, that I might know how to speak a word in season to him that is weary.”
What are some of the cause and effect relationships that we can learn from this passage in our daily relationship with the Lord and our purpose for life? (a) The Lord God must be the ultimate source of instruction. This clearly stresses the need of intimacy with the Lord, of firsthand listening (cf. Psa. 119:102). (b) Daily intimacy with God draws the heart closer to God and imparts a ministering heart. We should note the unselfish, other-oriented nature of this verse and the daily time with God. (c) We see in this the need of consistency, morning by morning. (d) We also see in this the concept of a listening ear. Today, we are too busy to really take time to hear.
Lamentations 3:23. Note the context here fore and aft. What is new every morning? How are they made new? Waiting on the Lord and seeking Him as our portion every morning.
Mark 1:35. Who departed to a lonely place? When did He depart? Under what conditions? If He felt the need for this, how much more shouldn’t we?
Verses on Strength and Liberty Through Daily Fellowship
Psalm 119:45, 104-105, 114, 127-128, 133
Verses on Inclining the Heart Toward the Lord
Since the dailies are a means to inclining one’s heart to God, the following verses are also helpful to meditate on: Psalm 119:36, 112; 141:4; Proverbs 2:2; 4:2; 5:1; 22:17; Isaiah 55:3; Jeremiah 7:24, 26; 11:8; 17:23; Heb. 4:16; James 4:8.
Related Topics: Devotionals, Basics for Christians, Bible Study Methods
Appendix 7: Seven Subtle Snares of Worldliness
1. Materialism
- Explanation—Matter is all that matters.
- Its Distortion—Deformed view of the world.
- The Snare—I am what I own.
- The Effect—Affluence, accumulation, occupied with things, consumer mentality, neglect spiritual things.
2. Activism
- Explanation—I must fill my life with activity.
- Its Distortion—Deformed view of work. Seeking from work what only God can give.
- The Snare—I am what I do, what I produce.
- The Effect—Neurotic, consuming ministry. Seeking significance from work rather than from the Lord.
3. Individualism
- Explanation—I must depend on no one but myself.
- Its Distortion—Deformed view of self. Produces a me-ism society.
- The Snare—I am the source of my own life.
- The Effect—Loneliness, resistance to authority, inability to work on a team.
4. Conformism
- Explanation—Recognition by others is primary and necessary.
- Its Distortion—Deformed view of the importance or the opinions of others.
- The Snare—I am who others recognize me to be.
- The Effect—Praise dependent, seeking significance from the approval of others.
5. Relativism
- Explanation—It matters not what you believe as long as you believe something.
- Its Distortion—Deformed view of truth. Refuses to recognize revealed truth.
- The Snare—I am whatever I want to believe.
- The Effect—Subjective approach to life, to Scripture; experience oriented, uncertain faith, emotional.
6. Secularism
- Explanation—Man has no need of religion. Man is sufficient.
- Its Distortion—Deformed view of man. Fails to take into account man’s sinfulness.
- The Snare—I am sufficient to handle my affairs.
- The Effect—Sunday only kind of Christian. Fail to integrate God into all areas of life or reject God completely.
7. Religionism
- Explanation—If I am good, go to church, etc., I will be okay.
- Its Distortion—Deformed view of God.
- The Snare—I am okay because of my religious works and activities.
- The Effect—Have some facts about God, engaged in some religious activity, but lacking in inner reality. Fail to integrate God into all areas of life.
Biblical Solutions
1. Materialism
- Biblical Value—Spiritual and eternal values, treasures.
- Responsibility—Renewal, reevaluation, trust in God rather than in things.
- Result—Ability to follow God, ministry, laying up eternal treasures.
2. Activism
- Biblical Value—Christ-directed ministry, His initiative.
- Responsibility—Fellowship, prayer, sensitivity, openness.
- Result—Peace, fruitfulness, rest, absence of burnout.
3. Individualism
- Biblical Value—Body life, co-worker, no man an island.
- Responsibility—Team work, submission to others, loving one another.
- Result—Edification of the body.
4. Conformism
- Biblical Value—Biblical sense of who I am in Christ. Accepted, belong, capable.
- Responsibility—Learn to live as unto the Lord while resting in Him for my significance.
- Result—Content, relaxed, able to love others and put them above self.
5. Relativism
- Biblical Value—Biblical absolutes based on the index of the Bible.
- Responsibility—Objective Bible study based on exegesis, not eisegesis.
- Result—Confidence, divine guidance, knowing truth which gives freedom.
6. Secularism
- Biblical Value—Biblical view of God and man.
- Responsibility—Total dependence on God.
- Result—Experience God in all areas of life.
7. Religionism
- Biblical Value—Finished work of Christ plus obedience.
- Responsibility—Rest in Christ’s work, honesty, openness, worship, faith.
- Result—Ability to truly love God and people.
247 This information was adapted from material in Defeating the Dragons of the World, Resisting the Seduction of False Values, by Stephen D. Eyre, InterVarsity Press.
Related Topics: Hamartiology (Sin), Basics for Christians, Sanctification, Cultural Issues
Appendix 9: The Middle Voice of 1 Corinthians 13:8
There are some today who maintain that the New Testament Greek has abandoned the classical use of the middle voice in which the subject is acting in relation to himself or itself in some way. Such a view undermines the argument, in part, at least presented by Ryrie. For instance, in a footnote Bill Mounce writes:
Many grammars say the middle is “reflexive,” but we are uncomfortable with the term. The “direct reflexive” was common in Classical Greek but not in Koine. The only one in the New Testament is at Matt 27:5, but Moule ( Idiom Book, 24) disputes even this one.249
In another footnote he writes:
A good example of the problems caused by assuming that the classical use of the middle is always present is found in 1 Corinthians 13:8, where Paul says that the gifts of tongues “will cease” ( pauvsontai). It is argued by some … Paul is saying the gift of tongues will cease in and of itself.
Regardless of one’s views on the topic of spiritual gifts, we feel this is an incorrect use of the middle. It assumes that the middle here has the classical usage, even though BAGD lists no self-interest meaning for the middle of pauvw. And when one looks at the other eight occurrences of the verb, it is seen that the verb is a middle deponent and not reflexive. The best example is in Luke 8:24, where Jesus calmed the sea. “Jesus rebuked the wind and calmed the water, and they ceased and became calm” … The wind and water certainly did not “cease” in and of themselves. The middle of this verb does not designate “self-interest”; it is deponent (deponent means the verb is middle or passive in form, but active in meaning).250 (Emphasis mine.)
But Mounce’s arguments, and those of others, are unwarranted and simply do not fit all the facts. In Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics, An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament, Dan Wallace does an excellent job of answering the arguments that deny the force of the middle voice in the New Testament and especially in 1 Corinthians 8:13. Wallace writes:
One’s view of the nature of NT Greek has strong implications for this use of the middle voice. If one thinks that NT Greek has abandoned the rules of classical Greek, then h/she would not put much emphasis on the force of the middle voice in a given passage. Moule, for example, argues that “as a rule, it is far from easy to come down from the fence with much decisiveness on either side in an exegetical problem if it depends on the voice” (Moule, Idiom Book, 24).
However, if one thinks that the NT Greek has, for the most part, retained the rules of classical Greek, then he/she will see more significance in the use of the middle voice. On this side of the fence, Zerwick writes: “The ‘ indirect’ use of the middle voice … especially shows the writer to have retained a feeling for even the finer distinctions between the sense of active and middle forms” (Zerwick, Biblical Greek, 75).
It is our contention that a careful examination of the usage of a particular middle voice verb in Hellenistic Greek will shed light on how much can be made of the voice. What is frequently at stake, grammatically speaking, is whether the middle is to be considered indirect or deponent …251
In discussing debatable and exegetically significant texts, Wallace has this to say about 1 Corinthians 13:8:
If the voice of the verb is significant, then Paul is saying either that tongues will cut themselves off (direct middle) or, more likely, cease of their own accord, i.e., “die out” without an intervening agent (indirect middle). It may be significant that with reference to prophecy and knowledge, Paul used a different verb ( katargevw) and put it in the passive voice. In vss. 9-10, the argument continues: “for we know in part and we prophesy in part; but when the perfect comes, the partial shall be done away { katarghqhvsontai}.” Here again, Paul uses the same passive verb he had used with prophecy and knowledge and he speaks of the verbal counterpart to the nominal “prophecy” and “knowledge.” Yet he does not speak about tongues being done away “when the perfect comes.” The implication may be that tongues were to have “died out” of their own before the perfect comes. The middle voice in this text, then, must be wrestled with if one is to come to any conclusions about when tongues would cease.
The dominant opinion among NT scholars today, however is that pauvsontai is not an indirect middle. The argument is that pauvw in the future is deponent, and that the change in verbs is merely stylistic. If so, then this text makes no comment about tongues ceasing on their own, apart from the intervention of “the perfect.” There are three arguments against the deponent view, however. First, if pauvsontai is deponent, then the second principal part (future form) should not occur in the active voice in Hellenistic Greek. But it does, and it does so frequently. Hence, the verb cannot be considered deponent. Second, sometimes Luke 8:24 is brought into the discussion: Jesus rebuked the wind and sea and they ceased ( ejpauvsanto, aorist middle) from their turbulence. The argument is that inanimate objects cannot cease of their own accord; therefore, the middle of pauvw is equivalent to a passive. But this is a misunderstanding of the literary features of the passage; If the wind and sea cannot cease voluntarily, why does Jesus rebuke them? And why do the disciples speak of the wind and sea as having obeyed Jesus? The elements are personified in Luke 8 and their ceasing from turbulence is therefore presented as volitional obedience to Jesus. If anything, Luke 8:23 supports the indirect middle view. Third, the idea of a deponent verb is that it is middle in form, but active in meaning. But pauvsontai is surrounded by passives in 1 Cor 13:8, not actives. The real force of pauvw in the middle is intransitive, while in the active it is transitive. In the active it has the force of stopping some other object; in the middle, it ceases from its own activity.
In sum, the deponent view is based on some faulty assumptions as to the labeling of pauvsontai as deponent, the parallel in Luke 8:24, and even the meaning of deponency. Paul seems to be making a point that is more than stylistic in his shift in verbs … 252
Obviously, this does not tell us when tongues will cease, but it certainly gives credibility to Ryrie’s argument as expressed earlier, and it answers the arguments of those who try to deny the force of the middle voice of the Greek text in 1 Corinthians 13:8.
249 William Mounce, Basics of Biblical Greek, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, 1993, p. 224.
250 Ibid.
251 Daniel B. Wallace, Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics, An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, 1996, p. 420.
252 Wallace, p. 422.
Your Own Personal "Heart-Guard"
Related MediaPrayer is the most ancient, most universal, most intense expression of the religious intellect. It touches infinite extremes, for it is at once the simplest form of speech that infant lips can try and the sublimest strains that reach the Majesty on high. It is indeed the Christian's vital breath and native air.-J. Oswald Sanders (late Director of Overseas Missionary Fellowship)1
Indeed! Prayer is the very life blood of the renewed heart. For the maturing Christian it is as natural as breathing air and, like the human soul in general, it grows in the midst of great trials and struggles. Yet, I fear that if we were to take Mr. Sanders' words literally-"[prayer] is the Christian's vital breadth and native air"-many Christians would have suffered asphyxiation some time ago. `Tis a shame when there's so much oxygen to go around! But, as a fellow struggler, I am not here to upbraid, as it were, but merely to call us forward to a life of prayer and personal communion with God.
Essentially we go to God in prayer because our new heart's desire is to communion with Him, to worship Him, and to seek His glory. It is not primarily for "bread" that we follow him in prayer, but worship (cf. John 6:25-40). Nonetheless, his benefits are made real to us through the Spirit in bible meditation and prayer. And it is here that we often experience his victory over sin, that terrible "enemy at the gates." This is, in part anyway, Paul's point in Philippians 4:6-7.
4:6 Do not be anxious about anything. Instead, tell your requests to God in your every prayer and petition-with thanksgiving. 4:7 And the peace of God that surpasses all understanding will guard your hearts and minds in Christ Jesus.
In this passage Paul gives us two commands-one positive and one negative-to which he, thankfully, attaches an exciting promise. In this short capsule we have God's practical wisdom for dealing with anxiety, that is, how to escape walking in the delusion that your heavenly Father is incompetent and can't deal with the evils in your life. Is that not one of the chief sources of anxiety, i.e., the belief that our God simply does not know what he's doing? He might know how to work out other people's financial blunders, parenting nightmares, job-related stresses, etc., but he simply cannot wrap the arms of his power around my hopeless situation. On the contrary, Jesus told us not to get all bent out of shape concerning our questions/problems/needs because our Father knows what we need before we ask him (Matthew 6:25-34). Arthur Sommers Roche once said, "Anxiety is a thin stream of fear trickling through the mind. If encouraged, it cuts a channel into which all other thoughts are drained."
So Paul commands us to stop bowing down to worry, running to answer its every beckon call. Worry is like the typical two-year-old; it keeps you up nights, makes incessant requests for the forbidden, and is full of boundless energy, always requiring that you respond. But anxiety is no longer lord over you if you are in Christ Jesus; we are slaves of the Most High God of peace now. Sin, with its outstretched tentacles, has been cut down with the sword. Come, share in your King's spoils! The apostle says, "do not worry!"
Yet God's wisdom reflected in scripture is not just negative, but also positive. The command is not only "do not," but also "do!" It involves not only a "putting off," but also a "putting on." And this is where Paul's second command enters. We are not only to shed worry, like a stained piece of clothing, we are to pray about everything to God. Why don't you make it a habit, beginning today, to humbly approach God and lay your heart bare before him. Today, as you go about your work or leisure, tell him what's on your heart, your concerns, hurts, issues, and fears. He wants to hear. "Cast all your anxiety on him because he cares for you" (1 Peter 5:8). Don't live life any longer as if he doesn't care or can't do anything about your situation! Come to the throne of grace to find mercy and receive grace to help you in time of need (Heb 4:16). And take special notice of the promise that attends itself, like a faithful Collie, to the command. When we bring all kinds of prayers and requests to him-with a thankful spirit-he promises to guard our hearts with peace-"not the absence of hostility, but the presence of calm."
Did you notice that intriguing promise? Peace, God's tranquility and harmony-here personified as a Roman sentry (and in short supply these days)-will take up station at the door of your heart and mind, forbidding your enemies enter, casting down worry's persistent naggings, and turning aside the onslaught of its fiery darts. Today will be a different day! Today will be a day in which your experience of God's peace will transcend all human reasoning. Bunyan's "Mr. God's peace" has been officially stationed in the town of Mansoul and harmony reigns.
Submit to God's peace, then, and call on the Lord's name out of gratitude and with various praises, requests, and petitions. In this way you will cut off all supplies and support to your enemy. Though the sound of Worry's march be in your ears, and though war wage all around you, he will not make entry. Peace will turn him away at the door. Again, pour out your heart to the Lord, expressing the "sublimest strains that reach the Majesty on high." You will in no way be defeated, for God will grant you a "strange peace" by which to overcome. There will be no "torrent" of worry, as Roche said, but what began as a "stream" will itself soon dry up. God's peace, then, experienced through the privilege of prayer, is not our personal body-guard, if you will, but our personal "heart-guard!" Let him call the shots today!
1 J. Oswald Sanders, Spiritual Leadership, rev. ed. (Chicago: Moody, 1980), 121.
Related Topics: Prayer, Devotionals
Airplanes, Storms, and God's Blue Sky
Related MediaSome time ago I was scheduled on a flight leaving Boston for Dallas. It was a routine flight, or so it appeared. As the time drew near to board the plane the storm clouds rolled in, the sky darkened, and emotions began to tense up. The closer we inched forward toward the departure time, the more nervous people began to look, grimacing as they stared out the huge windows. Some even began to whisper: "Are we really going to try and take off into that?" "Wow, look at those dark clouds!" "Man, I sure hope these guys know what they're doing?" You can just imagine the anxiety on everyone's face.
Anyway, sure enough, the flight was a "go-ahead" and we all boarded the aircraft. Many of us took it for granted that the pilots must be attempting to get through a hole in the system-a hole we certainly had not seen. As we rolled out onto the apron and the taxiway, everybody in the aircraft was quiet, looking fearfully out the windows for any signs that the weather might be changing. I could see none. Before long the captain came over the speaker requiring the flight crew to prepare themselves for immediate departure. The moment of truth had arrived.
We rolled into position on the runway and before long, the turbines roared and down the tarmac we raced. A few seconds later we were airborne. Immediately I could hear the gear retracting. So far, so good. The airplane was apparently climbing well, but the stress on people's faces was unnerving. Suddenly the airplane jerked to the side and dropped what appeared to be 100 feet. We hit a bump, and then another, and another, and still more. People were inadvertently letting out little "screams," if you will, and a baby began to cry. Things were very "touch and go" for a few moments as we continued to climb through the dark clouds. And yes, I do remember learning how to really pray during those few moments..."God, if you get me out of this one alive, I'll do whatever you want...honestly...whatever...." You know how it goes.
The climb through the clouds, though only a few moments, seemed like an eternity. Can you visualize the release on everyone's face when we broke out through the menacing billows to be greeted by the bright, fresh sunlight of a June morning? The sky was a brilliant blue-not altogether unlike some of our faces-and before long the captain switched off the seatbelt signs. Whatever years we lost in the first few moments of that flight were given back to us the instant we rose above the storm into the clear, smooth air.
And this is exactly the experience we enjoy when we move from Romans 1-3 to Romans 4-8. Whatever storms were brewing in the sin, death, and condemnation of the first three chapters, yield to the fresh sunlight of salvation, life, peace, and grace in the next 5. The lightning bolts of God's anger give way to the beautiful rays of his mercy, condescension, and forgiveness. I know where I'd rather be!
I will never forget that flight to Dallas. By the grace of God we not only averted certain disaster, but also received a rich welcome out of the storm. Such is Paul's point in Romans 1-8. The storm clouds are blackest, and our outlook bleakest, in the first three chapters of this great letter. All men-and that includes you and me-are justly condemned for our own sin in Romans 1:18-3:20. We are condemned for our sexual perversions, malice, deceit, hostility, envy, murder, folly, disobedience to parents, insolence, arrogance, lust, slander, and gossiping. The bottom line, Paul argues, is that there is no one righteous, not even one; there is no one who understands; there is no one who seeks God; together we have turned aside and become debased (cf. 3:9-20). In short, Romans 1:18-3:20 is about the wrath of God justly unleashed against unrepentant sinners who turn their backs on him and his rule, and who prefer instead their own debauchery or self-made righteousness. These chapters depict a storm brewing at the present time, which itself anticipates a final, catastrophic tempest of the wildest proportions!
But, beginning in Romans 3:21 and stretching until 8:39, we find ourselves above the impending doom, lifted there, I might add, not by our own "wings," but by the wings of God's grace. It's fresh blue sky up there; you can see for miles around. Even what clouds do exist are a serene white; there is no darkness in them. The blue expanse declares the beauty and infinite supply of God's riches. There is no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus (8:1-2). Righteousness reigns because grace abounds through the indwelling Holy Spirit (8:1-17). Mercy is plentiful because God's love has been freely unleashed. Reconciliation on all levels is in abundant supply because rebel sons and daughters have been reconciled with their Creator and Father. It's all about "Livin' Large"! It's beautiful blue skies as far as the eye can see. God has come to make his home with us and we shall never be separated from him again (Rom 8:38-39).
Christ is the One, of course, who has stilled the storm of God's fury, paying with his own life the penalty due our sins by his sacrificial death on the cross (Romans 3:21-26). Yes, indeed, he himself is the sacrifice of atonement! He is the only One who could withstand the ferocious winds of God's anger, lifting us well out of reach. He is the only One who can lead us into the blue skies of God's blessing. He willingly suffered separation from God for his people, so that they might never be separated from their God again. As I say, he did it all for his people, that is, he did it all for those who through genuine faith have cheerfully received his offer of pardon as well as all those who someday will (Rom 5:17). In short, he has made a place outside the hurricane where we can go and take refuge from the winds and the rain. We have peace with God, having been reconciled to him through the death of His Son (Rom 5:1, 9-11). We have the promise of God that if we will run to His Son for shelter, we will most certainly be richly received; we will in no way be cast out! Let those who are already there testify.
So let me ask you a question. Where are you today? Are you still living in the storm? Have you ever seen blue sky? I mean, really blue? Would you like to experience the blessing of sins forgiven and the certain knowledge of God's presence with you? Would you like to leave the sin, death, and condemnation of Romans 1-3 for the forgiveness, life, and reconciliation of Romans 4-8? That's why Christ came, you know.
So turn your heart to Christ himself and welcome him as your mighty Savior. Put all your trust in him and him alone. God will forgive you and welcome you home, into his presence, and into the joy of a personal relationship with him. He calls you:
11:28 Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. 11:29 Take my yoke on you and learn from me, because I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. 11:30 For my yoke is easy to bear, and my load is not hard to carry."
(Matthew 11:28-30 NET Bible)
Related Topics: Devotionals, Comfort
Loving the Giver not Just the Gifts
Related MediaThere's nothing worse than feeling "used." There's no worse experience than feeling like you're wanted for what you can give and not for who you are. Have you ever had that experience? It's not pleasant, is it? Makes you want to avoid that person altogether. Perhaps that's why James says that pure and undefiled religion-that is pure and unmixed love for God-consists in caring for widows and orphans in their distress (James 1:27). Not because they're necessarily more important than anyone else, but simply because they cannot repay. Thus, the only reason you would do it is out of love-pure love for God and for them.
Some time ago I was talking with a Christian friend. He's a good man and cares about people. But he had a problem and wasn't sure what to do about it. Near the place where he works there's this older man, a "street person," who constantly "comes around" looking for handouts. The only time this gentleman shows up is when he needs something and he's constantly hunting my friend down to get what he wants. This fellow is an alcoholic, and as of yet, after repeated offers to help him, has done nothing about it. In short, he wants money to further his habit. When he's told "no," he immediately launches into a staccato-like explosion of verbal gunfire-castigating my friend for his so-called "lip service" to Christianity. So my friend and I had a good chat about the situation and what the Lord would have us do to help this fellow. Be that as it may, however, the point I want to make in all this is that my friend has felt very used by this person, repeatedly! It's not much fun.
But we've all had that experience, haven't we? You recall the person who constantly, yet ever so politely, asks you to look after their kids for a "moment" while they "run" to the grocery store, but apart from that, you never hear from them. Then there's the person who's always in crisis. You know the one I'm talking about? Not the person who has genuine needs, or is going through a needy time in their lives, but the person whose life is always on the verge of a complete meltdown, you know, Chernobyl revisited, daily. They suffer under the delusion of "everything is an "Alamo," and you're the "Custard" conscripted to rescue them at the eleventh hour-whether or not it fits with your timetable. Actually, as far as they're concerned, that's a mute point. But, when it comes time for them to help you, it'd be easier to find a four leaf clover, a needle in a haystack, and an honest politician-all in the same day.
Now it is true that many of us have good relationships with friends-friends who love to receive from us, but also love to give back to us-in varied ways-without coercion and apart from compulsion. They just love us and we love and value them. Praise God for good friends in this life (cf. 2 Timothy 4:9-18). Nonetheless, we all know what it feels like to be used by another person; it's that moment when we realize we're only a means to someone else's ends, the fuel, to get them where they need to go. It hurts, pure and simple.
But I wonder if we ever do that to others? I wonder if there are times in which we use people for what we can get out of them, with no real thought of friendship. Now, of course, we cannot be friends with every person we meet, nor with the myriads of people, to whom we must direct certain requests. Similarly, we cannot befriend every person we encounter in the course of conducting business on a daily basis, but I think you know what I mean. There are some people-either in the past or in the present, if we stopped and thought about it for a moment-we'd have to agree, under pang of conscience, that we've used them more than loved them. We've "handled" them more like a commodity and less like a living, breathing, human being created in the image of God. That's sad. But for most-if not all-of us, it's probably true at one time or another. But I wonder...
I wonder if we do that to the one Person who loves us so freely and deeply and yet daily is faced with the pain stemming from our unrequited love. We come to Him for the "payoff," not his presence; we anxiously seek the gifts, giving little attention to the Giver; our good and not his glory. I wonder if it's possible that we "handle" our Lord and Savior in the same kinds of ways that many others often "handle" us. We're not the first to do it you know.
John, that apostle who wrote most about love for God and neighbor, tells us in his Gospel that there were many people who followed Jesus around, "handling" him as if he were nothing more than a food bank. They treated him much the same as that alcoholic man "handled" my friend. But, and we should know this, Jesus is not fooled by our feigned respect and contrived friendship, not then and not now. Indeed, for the sake of the people, he confronts it head on, both then and today. Read carefully what John says:
6:25 When they found him on the other side of the lake, they said to him, "Rabbi, when did you get here?" 6:26 Jesus replied, "I tell you the solemn truth, you are looking for me not because you saw miraculous signs, but because you ate all the loaves of bread you wanted. 6:27 Do not work for the food that disappears, but for the food that remains to eternal life-the food that the Son of Man will give to you. For God the Father has put his seal of approval on him."
The people Jesus addressed, i.e., those who crossed a lake to find him, were not altogether unlike many of us. Do we often follow Jesus for what we can get out of it, and not because we're deeply in love with him and genuinely trust him as our good Shepherd? Do we look forward to the thought of a full stomach more than knowing and fellowshipping with Life himself? We often seek His hands when we need something, i.e., finances, promotion, help with an errant child, etc. And it is certainly not wrong to ask him for help in these situations. Indeed, he invites us to come to him with these needs, problems, and hurts (Phil 4:6-7)! But, is this a pattern in our lives, where we pursue him primarily to get something we feel we need and then react bitterly when he doesn't give it to us? Or, do we forget about him after he does grant our request (cf. Luke 17:11-19)? Are we chasing after him only for the bread?
Ask God to show you if this is the case. If not, praise him for his grace and ask that he continue to remove any wrinkle, spot, or stain in your love for him. But if you find that it is your habit to seek him primarily for what he can do for you, then ask him to show you more clearly how this is true. Lay your life open before him, in his presence and under his watchful, searching eye, and ask that he liberate your heart from its double-mindedness and draw you into a more pure love for him. Again, as 6:27 says, let's not make the mistake of thinking that just because we have the Lord's hands, we've laid hold of his heart as well. Let's work for the food that remains to eternal life. By this the apostle means that we should receive the gift of the spiritual food that Christ has for us. We do this by entering into his presence by faith and worshipping him alone there. This is real food that lasts and is rightly named "eternal life," for it is taken up with personally knowing and enjoying God himself (cf. John 17:3).
There's no doubt about it: being used by another person really hurts. But I wonder whether we do the same thing to God, if not all the time, perhaps often enough. Today, wherever you stand in regard to this question, resolve before God to grow up in your relationship with Him. Seek the "Blesser," not just the blessings, God Himself and not just His benefits. Remember, Jesus has opened up a new and living way for you to continually enter into your heavenly Father's beautiful presence (Hebrews 10:19-20; Eph 2:18). Daily we are invited to humbly approach him with our sacrifices of praise and our supplications for help. Each and every moment heaven extends an invitation to join the worship at the throne of grace. There's plenty of mercy there and great grace (Hebrews 4:14-16). Ask anyone who's been their recently. They'll tell you the truth. Through his mercy we have been set free to come and truly worship our great God, Savior, and King. These are the kind of people, according to Jesus and his discussion with the woman at the well, that the God who lacks nothing is actually seeking (John 4:23).
Related Topics: Devotionals, Finance
Three Important Questions
Related MediaI used to love to swim and fancied myself a good swimmer at that (you'd never know it to look at me now. No comments please). Anyway, since my parents were in the military, I lived near an air force base. And like most, if not all, military bases in Canada, it had several indoor as well as outdoor pools. During my early teens, I frequented these "water holes" with my friends in the summer. We spent hours there in the afternoons, bathing in the sun and enjoying games in the pools. But, I also lived near several lakes (it's hard to grow up in Nova Scotia and not live near lakes). Now I had a good friend whose parents had a cottage on one of those lakes. So a bunch of us would often go "up to the lake" to go fishing, swimming, and just have fun.
On one occasion my friend and I dared each other to swim across the lake into a good breeze. I immediately (and somewhat thoughtlessly) accepted the challenge of the quarter mile swim and together we prepared to set out. Now having swum at the base pools all the time, I thought this was going to be a piece of cake. But alas, it was not. You know there's a difference between still water in a pool and open water in a lake. (I know that now.) There are waves in the lake-large ones-if the wind gets up. Like so many things in my life, I had to learn the hard way. Perhaps you can relate.
Anyway, my friend and I dove in and began the journey side by side. Initially, I was doing fine, but before long Tim had pulled ahead of me. I was simply unable to keep up with him; after all, he was three years my senior. The possibility of losing the race was soon to be the least of my problems, however. Just as I was rolling over to take a breath, a wave spilled over my face and I inadvertently took in a mouthful of water. Have you ever had that experience? You're quite a distance from shore, tired, breathing hard, and then you take in a huge gulp of water? Not pretty!
I immediately began to choke and could not catch my breath. Before long, things were looking very bad indeed. I quickly realized that I was "in trouble" and that there was nothing I could do. Though I was choking, I tried to yell for Tim. But he probably thought I was joking (trying to get him to slow down so I could catch him) or maybe he couldn't even hear me because of the wind. The truth is I was sinking when my friend reached me. For some reason Tim had stopped and looked behind him to see where I was. When he couldn't see me, he panicked and quickly began swimming back in my direction. When he reached me, I was under the water. Now the good thing about Tim was that he was in excellent physical condition, a body-builder actually. He grabbed my hand and pulled me up so that I could breath. In short, he saved my life. With his help I made it to shore.
It often takes someone stronger or in a greater position of authority to help us in our time of need, doesn't it? And when you're drowning in the circumstances of life, you don't need good advice, you need a savior! It's as simple as that. The other night on TV, the news channel was replaying the video of a man swept up in a raging river. As he was hurled along in the water, his head bobbing to the surface every few seconds, you could almost taste the hopeless in the situation. No one in the news helicopter held out much hope. This man needed immediate help. Now, there were well-meaning people on the banks of the river, yelling advice to him: "Swim over here!" "Grab on to that branch!" "Swim harder!" But, again, such advice-as well-intentioned as it was-is nonetheless utterly futile to a person submerged under the sheer force of thousands of tons of rushing water. In a situation like that, you simply don't swim here or there, maneuver, or do anything else for that matter. You're at the mercy of the water; you need a savior.
Now some of you are in the most difficult situations of your life. You're in the middle of a lake drowning, as it were, and it seems that no one hears your cries for help. You're caught in a torrent of gut wrenching events, hoping that someone will throw you a lifeline. You feel like the ensnared rabbit, exhausted and spent after repeated attempts to deliver yourself from the hunter's snare. The more you flail and flop, the more the wire of impossible circumstances seems to tighten its grip.
In such painful and stressful situations, there are at least three piercing questions that incessantly gnaw away at our fragile souls, exposing the raw flesh of our frightened and wounded hearts: "Is God good?" "Does He care?" "What does he want from me?" Like a cat ascending the living room drapes, much to the dismay of the pet's owner, these little questions claw their way up the fabric of our souls only to finally perch themselves in our consciousness. Daily they contend with our hearts. Nothing tests our commitment to God's goodness, presence, providential care, and competency more, than serious trials and crises.
It is at this point that the faith of many of us begins to droop, our countenance sags, and our hope fades like a used pair of denims. We get angry at God. We dismiss other people as nave and totally ignorant of our pain. Their response often seems as glib and unfortunate as the bystanders yelling at the man caught in the river. But again the questions spring to life in our mind: Is God good? Does he care? What does he want from me anyway?
Now I don't know precisely what God is doing in your life, but I do know that if you're a believer in our Lord Jesus Christ, the Captain of your soul may be leading you to places you'd rather stay away from, transforming you into Christlikeness and glorifying His name through it all. He is good and he does care. Have no doubts about that (Rom 8:28-29)!1 And know for certain also, that nothing in this life can separate you from him and His all conquering love (Rom 8:38-39).2 Yet he uses the most severe trials to topple the foundation of our self-trust, to curb our waywardness, and to deepen our commitment to His purposes so that we might share in His holiness. He wants you to share in the spiritual and moral (and someday physical, i.e., at the resurrection and glorification of our bodies) character of Christ himself. In that is true and lasting happiness.
So then, your Father loves you. Let's not move away from this truth and so give the Devil a victory. The incarnation, death, and resurrection of Christ preaches the truth to us, once and for all, that God loves us and has made this love real to us through His Spirit (Rom 5:1-8). When trials have brought "distance" between you and your God, Jesus' vicarious death is the divine megaphone which continually broadcasts: "God loves you!" "God loves you!" "Come home!"
So, while I don't know exactly what's going on in your life right now, I know one thing: God's unflinching love for you is the cornerstone around which your home together has been built. Again, the death and resurrection of Christ answers the question of whether God is good and whether he cares. The answers are "Yes" and "yes."
I also know that I learned something very valuable that day on the lake: there are times when you need a savior, not just advice, however good it may be. There are times in this life when God has to come out of heaven for you or it's all over. Again, I'm not just talking about the daily struggles we face-as troublesome as they are-but rather those impossible situations in which only God himself could bring about deliverance. He did it for us at the cross and overcame our greatest enemy, death itself. But he also wants to do it for us now in our "deadly perils" in this life. The apostle Paul said that on one occasion he had experienced such an overwhelming trial that he despaired even of life itself; in his heart he felt the "sentence of death." But, he says, "this happened that we might not rely on ourselves, but on God who raises the dead" (2 Cor 1:9). Thus, Jesus' victory over death is the paradigm for how God handles the "fiery trials" of our lives today. This is truly good news for those of us at the end of our rope, hanging on for dear life.
It is with your situation in mind, whatever that may be, that I want to leave you with a fascinating story, a truly liberating account of God's almighty deliverance. This is a story which ultimately answers the questions that nag us in very difficult times: Is God good? Does he care? What does he want from me anyway? My prayer is that as you reflect on this story, in the presence of God himself, he might inscribe permanent answers to these questions on your soul. While you're probably not facing an aggressive army-as are the people in this story-you are still facing what appears to be a hopeless situation. Again, my prayer is that you might "see" the God of this passage at work in your own life now.
The passage is 2 Chronicles 20. In this remarkable scene, covering all of thirty verses, we are personally invited by the Spirit of God, for the purpose of our instruction, faith, and worship, to overhear God's dealings with a king and his nation-a ruler and his people brought to their knees with the very real threat of sudden annihilation. Disaster was imminent, loss of life and limb was hungrily staring the nation down like a pack of angry wolves. No one was exempt-spouses and their children, from the highest in the land to the lowest-all stood motionless before the Lord, eagerly waiting for His reply. The adjective "hopeless" hardly begins to convey the grimness of the situation. Perhaps you feel like that right now. Make no mistake; there are times in each of our lives when we find ourselves helpless, out in a lake, gasping for air, sinking below the waters. Perhaps you're spent, afraid, and fear for life itself. Again, perhaps you're there right now. It could involve finances, health, violence, drugs, the government in your country, or whatever. Every Christian will need to cry out to God for deliverance--deliverance that only he can possibly accomplish.
This episode in 2 Chronicles has been specially tailored by the Spirit of God for all generations of the people of God; it shows us the lengths God will go to deliver those whom he calls His own. Let's take a quick stroll through the passage. It opens with the stark reality and certainty of impending war, bloodshed, ruin, and misery (20:1-4) and closes with singing and peace (20:28-30). In its movement from lament to praise it resembles the Psalms, reflecting as they do the basic experience of the saint who travels through the land of bitter struggle to eventually arrive at the safe haven of joyful trust in God. The main story in between has three panels, if you will. First, the narrator records king Jehoshaphat's God centered prayer in 20:5-13. Notice the king's appeal to God's uncontested sovereignty (v. 6) and His covenant purposes for His people (vv. 8-10). It is only then, after an acknowledgement of who God is, that this wise king concludes with an appeal to God for divine deliverance (vv. 10-13; cf. Matthew 6:9-13). Second, we are told about God's response in 20:14-19. Wow! Immediately after the fasting and prayer, the Spirit of God moves into action, coming powerfully upon Jahaziel. The Lord commands the people to listen (something we're not that good at) and in an almost unbelievable move, proclaims that the battle is not theirs, but His (20:15, 22)! He ministers peace to their hearts and instructs them not to be afraid because he will fight for them! My friends, there are some situations in life that only God can handle. All that the Lord required of them was that they have faith, trust in what he said through His prophets, walk out in battle array, and praise His holy name (v. 18-22). Third, the story ends with the victory of God and the people of God sharing in that victory (20:20-27). Nothing's really new is it? God wins and everyone rightly connected to him by faith wins too. Our three questions are answered!
So that's my preamble to the passage. Here it is for your reading and instruction. Drink deep of the grace of God and listen for His voice in the whirlwind. May you see the hand of the Lord your God move in your situation, bringing light where there was darkness, joy where there was sadness, victory where sudden and irrevocable disaster seemed unavoidable. May God give you eyes to see and ears to hear...and answers to our three foundational questions-answers tailored just for you. He loves to speak directly to His kids (John 10:14).
20:1 Later the Moabites and Ammonites, along with some of the Meunites, attacked Jehoshaphat. 20:2 Messengers arrived and reported to Jehoshaphat, "A huge army is attacking you from the other side of the Dead Sea, from the direction of Edom. Look, they are in Hazezon Tamar (that is, En Gedi)." 20:3 Jehoshaphat was afraid, so he decided to seek the Lord's advice. He decreed that all Judah should observe a fast. 20:4 The people of Judah assembled to ask for the Lord's help; they came from all the cities of Judah to ask for the Lord's help.
20:5 Jehoshaphat stood before the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem at the Lord's temple, in front of the new courtyard. 20:6 He prayed: "O Lord God of our ancestors, you are the God who lives in heaven and rules over all the kingdoms of the nations. You possess strength and power; no one can stand against you. 20:7 Our God, you drove out the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel and gave it as a permanent possession to the descendants of Abraham your friend. 20:8 They settled down in it and built in it a temple to honor you, saying, 20:9 `If disaster comes on us in the form of military attack, judgment, plague, or famine, we will stand in front of this temple before you, for you are present in this temple. We will cry out to you for help in our distress, so that you will hear and deliver us.' 20:10 Now the Ammonites, Moabites, and men from Mount Seir are coming! When Israel came from the land of Egypt, you did not allow them to invade these lands. They bypassed them and did not destroy them. 20:11 Look how they are repaying us! They come to drive us out of our allotted land which you assigned to us! 20:12 Our God, will you not judge them? For we are powerless against this huge army that attacks us. We don't know what we should do; we look to you for help."
20:13 All the men of Judah were standing before the Lord, along with their infants, wives, and children. 20:14 Then in the midst of the assembly, the Lord's Spirit came upon Jachaziel son of Zechariah, son of Benaiah, son of Jeiel, son of Mattaniah, a Levite and descendant of Asaph. 20:15 He said: "Pay attention, all you people of Judah, residents of Jerusalem, and King Jehoshaphat! This is what the Lord says to you: `Don't be afraid and don't panic because of this huge army! For the battle is not yours, but God's. 20:16 Tomorrow march down against them, as they come up the Ascent of Ziz. You will find them at the end of the ravine in front of the Desert of Jeruel. 20:17 You will not fight in this battle. Take your positions, stand, and watch the Lord deliver you, O Judah and Jerusalem. Don't be afraid and don't panic! Tomorrow march out toward them; the Lord is with you!'"
20:18 Jehoshaphat bowed down with his face toward the ground, and all the people of Judah and the residents of Jerusalem fell down before the Lord and worshiped him. 20:19 Then some Levites, from the Kohathites and Korachites, got up and loudly praised the Lord God of Israel.
20:20 Early the next morning they marched out to the Desert of Tekoa. When they were ready to march, Jehoshaphat stood up and said: "Listen to me, you people of Judah and residents of Jerusalem! Trust in the Lord your God and you will be safe! Trust in the message of his prophets and you will win." 20:21 He met with the people and appointed musicians to play before the Lord and praise his majestic splendor. As they marched ahead of the warriors they said: "Give thanks to the Lord, for his loyal love endures."
20:22 When they began to shout and praise, the Lord suddenly attacked the Ammonites, Moabites, and men from Mount Seir who were invading Judah, and they were defeated. 20:23 The Ammonites and Moabites attacked the men from Mount Seir and annihilated them. When they had finished off the men of Seir, they attacked and destroyed one another. 20:24 When the men of Judah arrived at the observation post overlooking the desert and looked at the huge army, they saw dead bodies on the ground; there were no survivors. 20:25 Jehoshaphat and his men went to gather the loot; they found a huge amount of supplies, clothing and valuable items. They carried away everything they could. There was so much loot, it took them three days to haul it off.
20:26 On the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Berachah, where they praised the Lord. So that place is called the Valley of Berachah to this very day. 20:27 Then all the men of Judah and Jerusalem returned joyfully to Jerusalem with Jehoshaphat leading them; the Lord had given them reason to rejoice over their enemies. 20:28 They entered Jerusalem to the sound of stringed instruments and trumpets and proceeded to the temple of the Lord. 20:29 All the kingdoms of the surrounding lands were afraid of God when they heard how the Lord had fought against Israel's enemies. 20:30 Jehoshaphat's kingdom enjoyed peace; his God made him secure on every side.
1 8:28 And we know that all things work together for good for those who love God, who are called according to his purpose, 8:29 because those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that his Son would be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters.
2 8:38 For I am convinced that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor rulers, nor things that are present, nor things to come, nor powers, 8:39 nor height, nor depth, nor anything else in creation will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.
Related Topics: Theology Proper (God), Devotionals
Is It Time to Give Your "Hearing" a Tune-Up?
Related MediaHave you heard about the middle-aged and somewhat troubled man who made up his mind to pay the doctor a visit? He went because he was distraught over his wife's adamant refusal to admit she had a hearing problem. The doctor promptly told him that when he got home he was to confirm the problem by opening the front door and from there asking his wife what's for dinner. Then, the doctor said, if she doesn't answer, move closer to the kitchen. Repeat the question again, and if she still doesn't answer, move right up to her ear and whisper in it, "What's for dinner, honey?" In this way, the doctor assured him, she'll have to admit she has the problem. So the man raced home with joy in his heart and opened the front door. "What's for dinner, honey?" he asked. When there was no reply he moved closer to the kitchen and asked again. "What's for dinner, honey?" No reply. When he looked into the kitchen, sure enough, there she was. So he tiptoed over to her and whispered in her ear, "What's for dinner, honey?" Immediately she turned and looked straight at him: "For the fourth time," she said, "we're having Spaghetti!"
There are times when we just don't "hear" that well, do we? Our spouse is talking to us, but we're a hundred miles away-sometimes even more, probably glued to the TV, fixated on the Lakers-Raptors game. And what's true in the physical realm is likewise true in the spiritual. There are seasons in life when we don't hear God very well either. Sometimes he has to say something, not four, but forty times before we catch on-and even then it's "touch and go." The truth is, when it comes to our heavenly antennae, there's a spiritual Edith Bunker in all of us. We're a fry or two short of a spiritual happy meal, a card or two short of a full deck.
Though I think our generation will go down as one of the most distracted generations in the history of the world, Jesus confronted this "hearing problem" in the first century as well. In fact, the bulk of his ministry was an attempt through love, sign, sermon, and warning to encourage people to listen. Praise God for the few who did.
Now the Parable of the Sower, recorded for example in Mark 4:1-9, is familiar to most of us. We often think of it as the Parable of the Soils because in it Jesus outlines four different responses to his message about the kingdom and compares them to four different kinds of soils for planting seed. It is arguably the most important parable Jesus ever taught. That this is true is evidenced by the fact that it really concerns entrance into the kingdom as well as life in the kingdom. And, insofar as it speaks to entrance into the kingdom Jesus was certainly correct to point out that if a person were unable to comprehend this parable, they would be utterly dumbfounded by his other parables (4:13). Based on how well you listen, you're either an insider or an outsider; "hearing" makes all the difference in the world!
So the "key" that leads to life inside the kingdom is simple: It involves the desire to listen well to Jesus' voice and to turn away from the competition. It is taken up with the passion to distinguish between his voice and the myriad of suitors, i.e., the cares of this world, the passion for riches, submission to the "worry-god," snakes, etc. Yes, of course, you do remember the last time we listened to a snake, don't you? When Jesus speaks, do we listen?
Notice the emphasis Jesus places on listening. In 4:24 He pleads with people to listen carefully to what they hear. Don't let other things distract you! But notice in Mark 4:3 and 9 how the parable itself begins and ends. It begins, like the shot from a starter's gun, with Jesus' prophetic summons: "Listen!" It ends with a fervent reminder and invitation/warning, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear" (v. 9). Here we have someone in the line of Moses, Isaiah, Jeremiah and all the prophets, calling out to people: "Listen well! Listen well!" It is so vital that we learn to listen to God in all things, and especially when he's talking about eternal values and the proper response to Christ and his kingdom. Coming to God through scripture with a humble, prayerful, and praising heart is essential to listening well (cf. James 1:21).
Now Jesus had good reason to stress "listening." He has good reason today. In the immediate context in Mark we find several people and certain groups who are not listening very well. The Speaker has ascended the platform, but they're distracted with other people, things, coffee and doughnuts. They hear his utterances in the background, but they're really not distinct words. They're faint and droning sounds, not clear, crisp and ringing in the ears. As sounds they enter the ears; as personal invitations, they never make it to the heart, the control center.
We find the same phenomenon today, don't we? For example, if Jesus had healed you of leprosy, would you not have done whatever he commanded you ...without question or hesitation? But not so with the leper in 1:40-45. Jesus healed him and then the man immediately went out and did exactly what the Lord had told him not to do. In many ways this man is typical of the characters throughout the narrative of Mark's gospel. He is also typical of many of us who have received grace from the Lord and yet not done what he's commanded.
Again, not many in Mark's story are listening very well to what Jesus is saying and doing. They're not paying attention. Again, the Teacher is present, class is in session, but the students remain distracted by the kids playing outside the window. For example, the Pharisees and the Herodians-two otherwise disparate factions-unite to plot Jesus' death (3:6). The fundamentalist "right" lines up with the democratic "left" in a bold move to oust a common enemy! The teachers of the law from Jerusalem claim that Jesus' power is rooted not in his special relationship with God, but rather in his alignment with Satan himself (3:22-30). In other words, God himself "visits" His people-not foreigners-and they conclude He's in league with the Devil. Chilling, isn't it? Perhaps these religious authorities are good examples of the "hard" soil where the message never even penetrated an inch before Satan snatched it away. I wonder if we're ever so driven by our own agendas that we get to this point.
Further, and on a particularly sad note, Jesus' own family seeks to bring him under control for they fear that he has lost his mind (3:20-21, 31-35). Perhaps they represent the rocky soil, that is, after persecution, they fall away. The sandwiching of the "Beelzebub" story (4:22-30) in between this episode describing Jesus' family (4:20-21 and 4:31-35) is particularly revealing. Is Mark saying that Jesus' own family had more in common with those who opposed Jesus than with Jesus himself? The fact that Jesus redefines the true family of God in 3:31-35 seems to confirm this. In short, not many are listening very well.
Now my point in this discussion has obviously not been to explain the meaning of the soils. Why should I, when Jesus himself gave the proper rendering in 4:13-20? The point I wish to leave you with today is about "hearing." So then, as you read the Parable of the Sower, lay down your competing agendas, turn away the other suitors, and ask the Lord for a "listening" heart. Ask him for the grace to really hear from heaven. He may have some pleasant and wonderful surprises for you, not unlike the man who asked his wife what was for dinner. Come and let's see!
The Parable of the Sower
4:1 Again he began to teach by the lake. And such a large crowd gathered around him that he got into a boat on the lake and sat there while the whole crowd was on the shore by the lake. 4:2 He taught them many things in parables, and in his teaching said to them: 4:3 "Listen! A sower went out to sow. 4:4 And as he sowed, some seed fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured it. 4:5 Other seed fell on rocky ground where it did not have much soil. It sprang up at once because the soil was not deep. 4:6 When the sun came up it was scorched, and because it did not have a root, it withered. 4:7 Other seed fell among the thorns, and they grew up and choked it, and it did not produce grain. 4:8 But other seed fell on good soil and produced grain, sprouting and growing; some bore thirty times as much, some sixty, and some a hundred times." 4:9 And he said, "Whoever has ears to hear had better listen!"
The Purpose of the Parable
4:10 When he was alone, those around him with the twelve asked him about the parables. 4:11 He said to them, "The secret of the kingdom of God has been given to you. But to those outside, everything is in parables, 4:12 so that although they look they may look but not see, and although they hear they may hear but not understand, so they may not repent and be forgiven." 4:13 He said to them, "Don't you understand this parable? Then how will you understand any parable? 4:14 The sower sows the word. 4:15 These are the ones on the path where the word is sown: whenever they hear, immediately Satan comes and snatches the word that was sown in them. 4:16 These are the ones sown on rocky ground: as soon as they hear the word, they receive it with joy. 4:17 But they have no root in themselves and do not endure. Then, when trouble or persecution comes because of the word, immediately they fall away. 4:18 Others are the ones sown among thorns: they are those who hear the word, 4:19 but worldly cares, wealthy pleasures, and the desire for other things come in and choke the word, and it produces nothing. 4:20 But these are the ones sown on good soil: they hear the word and receive it and bear fruit, one thirty times as much, one sixty, and one a hundred."
Related Topics: Devotionals
Playing Hide 'N' Seek with God Is So Unfair!
Related MediaTom Allen tells the story of a large bowl of Red Delicious apples, placed at the front end of the cafeteria line at Asbury College, a theological institution for the training of Christian leaders. The note attached read: "Take only one please, God is watching." Well, some prankster attached a note to a tray of peanut butter cookies at the other end of the line. It read: "Take all you want. God is watching the apples!"
We laugh. Why? Because we instinctively know that God sees both the apples and the cookies, simultaneously! It's part of what it means to be God. Even atheists know that.
But sometimes even Christians forget that their Father knows everything equally and effortlessly. Like the clutch in my old, beat-up car, this truth often fails to engage our minds, forever slipping in and out of our conscious thought-especially during seasons of struggle. No doubt this is due in part to a culture that has dethroned God, shrunk him down to size, so to speak, and which has little or no time for His All-seeing, holy Presence. We live among a community of people who can only think of ways to limit His claim on their lives. But, in contrast to much popular opinion, God's never had a "senior moment." He's never forgotten His name, nor where He lives...nor those whom He loves and those with whom he has a "bone to pick." Thus, in keeping with Isaiah-and in contrast to some of the smoke popular theologians are blowing these days-I praise God that He knows the end from the beginning, the top from the bottom...and like a sandwich, all the "boloney" in between (Isa 44:6-8; 45:1-6, 21)!
Now the fact that God knows everything is at once a great comfort and a great "stressor." If you're in love with Him and seeking His will during difficult times, it's a great comfort. Why? Because you have good reason to rest in the ultra capable arms of your Father. He knows your situation, problems, and needs better than you do. Like a thick blanket on a cold night, there's real spiritual warmth in the personal knowledge that His care takes every single factor into consideration; nothing catches Him by surprise!
This truth, i.e., that God knows all things and that he is always present with us, should work itself out in our prayer lives: we should pray intelligently rather than babbling on like pagans who think they're heard because of their many words. We all know God listens to people, not prayers. We pray to Him, not some scaled down version of Him! The former is alive, willing, and powerful; the latter is dead, deaf, and dumb! Isn't this what Jesus taught us (cf. Matthew 6:5-8)?
I'm glad that God knows all things about me and that I'm present to his mind each and every moment. The truth is, knowing my sinfulness as I do, I am deeply thankful that I cannot escape from his thoughts and therefore his hands, even for a second. For I fear that having somehow escaped his notice, I should, like a child wandering from its mother, never find my way back home again-that I should be lost forever. I praise God that he knows me into eternity as his very own son (Rom 8:15-16, 29-30)!
The Other Side of the Story
So the foundational doctrine that God knows all things and is everywhere at once with his whole being is good news for those who love him. But there's another side to this story. If you're running from "The Law"-for this is how God looks and feels (i.e., like Law) to those who are on the run-the thought that He knows everything is really not good news after all. In other words, He needs no APB to determine your whereabouts. Oh, it is true that he might call out for you, and ask, "Where are you?" But trust me, that's not for His benefit. It's for yours. God knew where Adam was all the time, but did Adam know his own whereabouts (Gen 3:9)? I doubt it. The truth is, most of us don't.
In short, then, there's no place to hide from a God who knows all the hiding spots-which is, of course, patently unfair in hide `n' seek-but then again, this really isn't a game, is it? If you know the Lord-as Jonah did-and you're running from Him, be assured of one thing: he's tied your sneakers together beforehand. You won't get far and you certainly won't win. Just as you're about to make that mad dash for your favorite hiding spot, guess who's already waiting there for your "victorious" arrival. So return to the Lord your God! Seek him while he may be found! Rejoice in Him and let Him-the divine and jealous Lover-rejoice over you with singing! The Lord loves you; he crowns the humble with salvation! If, on the other hand, you do not know the Lord, what are you exchanging Him for? Is it really worth it? Have you found a hiding spot you're certain he knows nothing about (cf. Jeremiah 23:24)?
Related Topics: Theology Proper (God), Devotionals